<small>Ông Đồ viết chữ thư pháp tại phố thư pháp ngày Tết (Nguồn: Flypro.vn)</small>
Introduction: The Enduring Charm of Ông Đồ Ngày Tết
Every Vietnamese Lunar New Year, the image of Ông Đồ ngày Tết—an elderly calligrapher in traditional áo dài, carefully writing auspicious words on red paper—evokes a sense of nostalgia and deep cultural pride. This practice, dating back centuries, represents wisdom, tradition, and spiritual beliefs that have been passed down through generations.
But in today’s fast-paced world, where digital prints and mass production dominate, does the tradition of Ông Đồ still hold its place in modern Vietnamese society? Let’s explore the origins, significance, and evolving role of these calligraphy masters in Tết celebrations.
The Origins of Ông Đồ in Vietnamese Culture
The tradition of Ông Đồ originates from Vietnam’s feudal era, where scholars who excelled in Confucian examinations were highly respected. These individuals, known for their profound knowledge and elegant handwriting, would often write calligraphy for the public, especially during Tết.
In the past, literacy was limited to the elite, so having a calligraphy piece from Ông Đồ was considered a blessing—a symbol of learning and good fortune for the new year. Families would carefully frame these câu đối đỏ (red couplets) and display them in their homes, believing that the words carried the power to bring luck, prosperity, and happiness.
Why Calligraphy on Red Paper?
Red is a powerful color in Vietnamese culture, symbolizing good luck, protection from evil spirits, and happiness. Traditionally, calligraphy was written in black ink on red paper because:
- Black ink represents depth, wisdom, and knowledge.
- Red paper enhances the meaning of the words, inviting positive energy.
- The contrast between red and black makes the characters visually striking and sacred.
Today, despite changes in society, the symbolic meaning of these calligraphy scrolls remains deeply respected.
The Role of Ông Đồ in Traditional Tết Celebrations
During the weeks leading up to Tết, Ông Đồ can be found in cultural hotspots, sitting patiently with a brush and ink, ready to fulfill people’s wishes through beautifully written words. The process is not just about decoration—it is an intimate exchange of blessings between the calligrapher and the recipient.
What Do People Ask Ông Đồ to Write?
Each word or phrase requested has a profound meaning, reflecting the hopes and aspirations of individuals and families for the new year. Some of the most popular choices include:
Single-Word Calligraphy Requests
- Phúc (福) – Happiness
- Lộc (祿) – Prosperity
- Thọ (壽) – Longevity
- An (安) – Peace
- Tâm (心) – Heart/Mindfulness
Common Vietnamese Tết Couplets
- An Khang Thịnh Vượng – Peace and prosperity
- Vạn Sự Như Ý – May everything go as you wish
- Tấn Tài Tấn Lộc – Wealth and success in the new year
- Đức Lưu Quang – Virtue shines forever
<small>Những câu đối đỏ phổ biến vào dịp Tết (Nguồn: Dangcongsan.vn)</small>
These calligraphy pieces are then hung in living rooms, doorways, or personal altars, ensuring that the written blessings are always present in the home.
The Art of Calligraphy and Its Symbolism in Tết
Vietnamese calligraphy is more than just writing—it is a spiritual and artistic expression. The way an Ông Đồ holds the brush, the flow of the ink, and the balance of each stroke all reflect harmony, patience, and mastery.
The Importance of Brush Strokes in Calligraphy
Calligraphy is deeply linked to Vietnamese philosophy and aesthetics. Each stroke carries a message:
- Long, flowing strokes symbolize longevity and stability.
- Bold, sharp strokes indicate power and determination.
- Smooth, balanced strokes reflect harmony and inner peace.
Mastering this art form takes years, if not decades, of dedicated practice. This is why not everyone can become an Ông Đồ—it requires skill, wisdom, and a deep understanding of Vietnamese culture.
The Decline and Revival of Ông Đồ
Despite its cultural significance, the presence of Ông Đồ has declined over the years. With the rise of modern printing technologies and digital media, many people now opt for mass-produced calligraphy instead of handcrafted works.
However, in recent years, there has been a revival of interest in traditional calligraphy. More young people are learning the craft, and Tết festivals in major cities have started bringing back calligraphy booths where visitors can experience this ancient tradition firsthand.
Why is Calligraphy Making a Comeback?
- A Return to Cultural Roots: Many Vietnamese people, especially the younger generation, want to reconnect with their heritage.
- The Rise of Handcrafted Art: In a world of mass production, handmade calligraphy stands out as unique and personal.
- Tết Markets and Cultural Festivals: Events like the Calligraphy Street in Văn Miếu – Quốc Tử Giám (Temple of Literature) have helped bring the tradition back into the public eye.
<small>Ông Đồ viết thư pháp tại Văn Miếu – Quốc Tử Giám (Nguồn: Subi.vn)</small>
This renewed appreciation for Ông Đồ ngày Tết shows that tradition can coexist with modernity, and that cultural heritage can still thrive in today’s fast-changing world.
👉 Continue reading in Part 2 to explore:
- Where to find Ông Đồ during Tết today
- How to choose the right calligraphy for your home
- Why preserving this tradition is essential for Vietnamese culture
💡 Explore more about Vietnamese traditions:
This concludes the first half of the article. Stay tuned for the second half, where we’ll dive into modern adaptations and how you can experience Ông Đồ ngày Tết in today’s Vietnam! 🚀
Where to Find Ông Đồ During Tết Today
If you want to experience the tradition of Ông Đồ ngày Tết, there are several places across Vietnam where calligraphers gather before the Lunar New Year. These locations not only offer beautiful handwritten calligraphy but also allow visitors to immerse themselves in the rich cultural atmosphere of Tết.
1. Văn Miếu – Quốc Tử Giám (Temple of Literature) – Hanoi
One of the most famous locations to find Ông Đồ is at the Temple of Literature, Vietnam’s first university. Every year, the area transforms into a calligraphy street, where skilled calligraphers display their art and write custom câu đối đỏ for visitors.
📍 Location: 58 Quốc Tử Giám, Đống Đa, Hà Nội
🌟 Why visit?
- Authentic atmosphere with traditional calligraphers
- A perfect spot for photos with ancient architecture
- Variety of calligraphy styles, from classical to modern
2. Phố Ông Đồ (Ông Đồ Street) – Ho Chi Minh City
In Ho Chi Minh City, a vibrant Phố Ông Đồ appears every Tết, typically near cultural centers and book fairs. Here, both professional and young calligraphy artists offer handwritten blessings, creating a festive and nostalgic scene.
📍 Location: Cultural House of Youth, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City
🎨 Highlights:
- Bustling, lively atmosphere
- Free cultural performances and exhibitions
- A great place to explore modern adaptations of calligraphy
3. Tết Markets and Festivals Across Vietnam
Many Tết fairs and traditional markets now include Ông Đồ booths, where families can request personalized calligraphy. Some notable locations include:
- Huế Imperial City – Where royal calligraphy traditions are still preserved.
- Hoi An Ancient Town – Offers a picturesque backdrop for traditional art.
- Đà Nẵng’s Calligraphy Festival – Hosted annually at major cultural parks.
<small>Ông Đồ viết thư pháp trong chợ hoa ngày Tết (Nguồn: VnExpress)</small>
How to Choose the Right Calligraphy for Your Home
Selecting the perfect calligraphy piece is more than just picking a beautiful design—it should align with your personal wishes and home aesthetics.
1. Consider Your Wishes for the New Year
Ask yourself:
✅ Do you want wealth and success? → Choose “Tấn tài tấn lộc” (Wealth and prosperity).
✅ Do you prioritize peace and happiness? → Opt for “An khang thịnh vượng” (Peace and prosperity).
✅ Do you value longevity and health? → Go with “Thọ” (Longevity).
Tip: If you’re unsure, ask Ông Đồ for recommendations—they often choose words based on your zodiac sign or family needs.
2. Choose the Right Calligraphy Style
Vietnamese calligraphy comes in different styles, each with its own artistic flair:
- Traditional Hán-Nôm script – Classic and formal, used in temples and ancestral houses.
- Modern Vietnamese script – More readable, commonly used in homes and offices.
- Abstract brushwork – A fusion of tradition and creativity, perfect for contemporary spaces.
3. Verify Authenticity
To ensure you are purchasing genuine handwritten calligraphy, follow these steps:
🔹 Observe the strokes – Handwritten calligraphy has fluid, organic strokes, while printed versions look mechanical.
🔹 Check the paper texture – Real calligraphy uses handmade or high-quality red paper.
🔹 Watch the artist write – The best way to guarantee authenticity is to request a custom piece and see it being created in front of you.
<small>Khách hàng lựa chọn câu đối đỏ trong dịp Tết (Nguồn: Dân Trí)</small>
Preserving a Timeless Tradition: Why Ông Đồ Still Matters
The presence of Ông Đồ ngày Tết is more than just an aesthetic part of the holiday—it is a living reminder of Vietnam’s deep cultural roots. Even in today’s fast-moving world, this tradition holds immense value.
1. Connecting Generations
For many Vietnamese families, visiting Ông Đồ has become a cherished New Year’s ritual. Grandparents, parents, and children come together to select meaningful words, strengthening family bonds.
“Receiving a calligraphy piece from Ông Đồ is like receiving wisdom from our ancestors. It’s not just art—it’s a message for life.” – Nguyễn Văn Hưng, a long-time calligraphy enthusiast.
2. Supporting Local Artists
By choosing to purchase handcrafted calligraphy, you help keep this traditional art form alive. Many calligraphers today struggle against mass-printed designs, making it crucial for cultural supporters to seek out authentic handwritten works.
3. A Unique & Meaningful Gift
In recent years, calligraphy has become a popular Tết gift, as it:
- Shows thoughtfulness – Every phrase has a personal meaning.
- Brings good luck – A handwritten blessing is far more powerful than a generic present.
- Supports tradition – Gifting calligraphy helps preserve Vietnam’s cultural identity.
FAQs About Ông Đồ Ngày Tết
1. Can I request a custom phrase from Ông Đồ?
Yes! Most Ông Đồ are happy to write custom phrases based on your wishes for the new year. Just be sure to arrive early, as popular calligraphers often get busy during peak days.
2. How much does a calligraphy piece cost?
Prices vary depending on:
- Size and complexity – A small piece may cost around 100,000 VND (~$4), while larger scrolls can be 500,000 VND (~$20) or more.
- Famous calligraphers – Well-known artists may charge higher rates due to their expertise.
3. How do I properly display my calligraphy?
To maximize its blessings, follow these tips:
- Hang it at eye level in your living room, entrance, or personal altar.
- Avoid placing it near humid or dark areas.
- If possible, frame it to preserve the ink and paper quality.
4. Can I buy Vietnamese calligraphy online?
Yes, many modern calligraphers sell their works on platforms like Shopee, Lazada, and Facebook. However, if you want an authentic experience, visiting an Ông Đồ in person is always the best choice.
Final Thought
As Tết approaches, take a moment to appreciate the timeless beauty of Vietnamese calligraphy. Whether you seek prosperity, happiness, or longevity, a handwritten calligraphy piece from Ông Đồ is a meaningful way to welcome the new year with positivity and tradition.
👉 Where to learn more?
🎊 Chúc mừng năm mới! May your year be filled with happiness, success, and beautiful words to guide your journey. 🚀
